Ecology is the branch of biology that studies the relationships between living organisms and their interactions with each other and their physical environment. It encompasses a wide range of topics, including the distribution and abundance of organisms, ecosystem dynamics, biodiversity, and the processes that sustain life. Ecologists investigate the roles of various species within ecosystems, their adaptations to environmental changes, and how energy and materials flow through ecological systems. This field is essential for understanding the impacts of human activities on natural environments, as well as for conservation and resource management efforts.
Japan's forests, covering 67% of its land, face an environmental crisis due to neglected cedar and cypress plantations. Overgrown artificial forests threaten soil stability and water retention, increasing landslide risks.…